Guide Rankings Government & Politics Updated June 20, 2026

Voter Turnout by State

Voters waiting in line outside a polling location on Election Day

Voter Turnout by State

Ranking - Government & Politics

Turnout is measured here as the share of the voting-eligible population that actually cast a ballot in 2024. Minnesota led the nation at 77.4%, while Hawaii ranked last at 47.5%.

Quick Answer

Voter Turnout by State

  1. 1

    Minnesota has the highest voter turnout of any state at 77.4% of the voting-eligible population in 2024, ahead of Wisconsin (74.2%) and Colorado (73.8%). Five states top 70%: Minnesota, Wisconsin, Colorado, Maine, and New Hampshire.

  2. 2

    Hawaii ranks last at 47.5% VEP turnout, the only state below 50% and 4.7 points below West Virginia (52.2%), the second-lowest state. The gap between Minnesota and Hawaii is 29.9 points.

  3. 3

    The national VEP turnout in 2024 is approximately 63.7%. Twenty-six states fall below that threshold, including California (56.7%), New York (57.1%), and Texas (56.0%).

Map

Voter Turnout by State 2024 Map

2024 VEP Turnout
No data
Minnesota (77.4%), Wisconsin (74.2%), and Colorado (73.8%) anchor the top of the map in deep green. Hawaii (47.5%) is the only state below 50% and appears near-white at the opposite end of the scale.
Voter Turnout by State 2024 Map
Rank State 2024 VEP Turnout
1 Minnesota 77.4
2 Wisconsin 74.2
3 Colorado 73.8
4 Maine 73
5 New Hampshire 71.8
6 Montana 69.5
7 Oregon 68.9
8 Pennsylvania 68.4
9 Michigan 68.2
10 Vermont 67.9
11 Washington 67.4
12 Iowa 67
13 Virginia 65.9
14 Alaska 65.5
15 Georgia 65.2
16 Idaho 64.9
17 Arizona 64.6
18 North Carolina 64.4
19 Nebraska 64
20 New Jersey 63.8
21 Utah 63.6
22 Wyoming 63.3
23 Delaware 63.1
24 Massachusetts 62.9
25 Connecticut 62.8
26 Maryland 62.6
27 Nevada 62.4
28 South Dakota 62.2
29 Ohio 62
30 North Dakota 61.8
31 Florida 61.6
32 South Carolina 61.4
33 Missouri 61.1
34 Illinois 60.9
35 Rhode Island 60.5
36 Kansas 60.3
37 Louisiana 60
38 Alabama 59.4
39 Kentucky 59.1
40 Indiana 58.7
41 Tennessee 58.3
42 Mississippi 57.7
43 Oklahoma 57.4
44 New York 57.1
45 California 56.7
46 Texas 56
47 New Mexico 55.5
48 Arkansas 55
49 West Virginia 52.2
50 Hawaii 47.5

Minnesota (77.4%), Wisconsin (74.2%), and Colorado (73.8%) anchor the top of the map in deep green. Hawaii (47.5%) is the only state below 50% and appears near-white at the opposite end of the scale.

Voter Turnout by State Table

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Highest and Lowest Voter Turnout by State

Highest

77.4
Minnesota flag
Minnesota #1

Lowest

47.5
Hawaii flag
Hawaii #50

Top 10 Highest — 2024 VEP Turnout

#1 Minnesota flag Minnesota
77.4
#2 Wisconsin flag Wisconsin
74.2
#3 Colorado flag Colorado
73.8
#4 Maine flag Maine
73.0
#5 New Hampshire flag New Hampshire
71.8
#6 Montana flag Montana
69.5
#7 Oregon flag Oregon
68.9
#8 Pennsylvania flag Pennsylvania
68.4
#9 Michigan flag Michigan
68.2
#10 Vermont flag Vermont
67.9

Top 10 Lowest — 2024 VEP Turnout

#50 Hawaii flag Hawaii
47.5
#49 West Virginia flag West Virginia
52.2
#48 Arkansas flag Arkansas
55.0
#47 New Mexico flag New Mexico
55.5
#46 Texas flag Texas
56.0
#45 California flag California
56.7
#44 New York flag New York
57.1
#43 Oklahoma flag Oklahoma
57.4
#42 Mississippi flag Mississippi
57.7
#41 Tennessee flag Tennessee
58.3

States with the Highest Voter Turnout

Group of voters participating inside a polling place on election day
High-turnout states tend to combine strong civic habits, easier voting procedures, and competitive political cultures. Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Colorado all finished more than 10 points above the national turnout average in 2024.

Minnesota leads the country at 77.4%, a figure 3.2 points ahead of second-place Wisconsin (74.2%) and the only state consistently above 75% across recent presidential elections. Colorado (73.8%), Maine (73.0%), and New Hampshire (71.8%) complete the five states above 70% in 2024.

Minnesota's margin over the national average of 63.7% is 13.7 points, larger than the gap between the national average and the bottom five states combined. Wisconsin and Colorado also exceed the national average by more than 10 points each.

States with the Lowest Voter Turnout

Voter placing a ballot into a ballot box during the election process
Hawaii was the only state below 50% turnout in 2024, with West Virginia, Arkansas, New Mexico, and Texas rounding out the bottom five. The spread between top and bottom turnout states was nearly 30 percentage points.

Hawaii ranks last at 47.5%, the only state below 50% in 2024. West Virginia follows at 52.2%, a gap of 4.7 points between the two bottom states, larger than the gap separating ranks 2 through 12 at the top of the table.

Arkansas (55.0%), New Mexico (55.5%), and Texas (56.0%) complete the five lowest states. Three of the five are in the South. California (56.7%) and New York (57.1%), the two most populous states in the country, also fall 6 to 7 points below the national average of 63.7%.

Voter Turnout in the Most Populous States

Voting booths arranged beside an American flag in a polling-place setting
Large population does not guarantee high participation. California, New York, and Texas hold enormous electoral weight, yet each ranked near the bottom of the states by turnout in 2024.

California (56.7%, rank 45), New York (57.1%, rank 44), and Texas (56.0%, rank 46) are three of the four most populous states in the country. All three rank in the bottom seven by turnout. Together they hold 122 electoral votes but produce well below-average participation rates.

Florida, the third-most-populous state with 30 electoral votes, ranks 31st at 61.6%, closer to the national average of 63.7%. Pennsylvania (68.4%, rank 8) and Michigan (68.2%, rank 9) are the two large states that exceed the average by a substantial margin.

Quick Answers

What state has the highest voter turnout in 2024?
Minnesota has the highest voter turnout in 2024 at 77.4% of the voting-eligible population. Wisconsin (74.2%) and Colorado (73.8%) rank second and third. Minnesota has ranked first or second in VEP turnout in every presidential election since 2000.
What state has the lowest voter turnout in 2024?
Hawaii has the lowest voter turnout at 47.5%, the only state below 50% in 2024. West Virginia is next at 52.2%, a gap of 4.7 points. Hawaii's low participation has persisted across multiple recent presidential elections.
What is the national voter turnout in 2024?
National VEP turnout in 2024 is approximately 63.7%. Twenty-six of the 50 states fall below that figure. The 2024 rate is somewhat lower than the 2020 record of 66.9%.
What is VEP voter turnout and how does it differ from registered-voter turnout?
VEP (Voting Eligible Population) turnout divides total votes cast by all U.S. citizens aged 18 or older who are legally eligible to vote, excluding non-citizens and people disqualified by felony conviction. Registered-voter turnout uses a smaller denominator, making it appear higher. VEP is the standard measure used by researchers because registration rates vary widely by state.
What is the voter turnout in Texas?
Texas ranked 46th in voter turnout in 2024 at 56.0% of the voting-eligible population, 7.7 points below the national average of 63.7%.
What is the voter turnout in California?
California ranked 45th in voter turnout in 2024 at 56.7% of the voting-eligible population, 7 points below the national average of 63.7%. Despite being the most populous state with 54 electoral votes, California ranks near the bottom alongside New York (57.1%, rank 44) and Texas (56.0%, rank 46).
Which states have the lowest voter turnout?
The five lowest states by 2024 VEP turnout are Hawaii (47.5%), West Virginia (52.2%), Arkansas (55.0%), New Mexico (55.5%), and Texas (56.0%). California (56.7%) and New York (57.1%) are 6th and 7th lowest despite being the two largest states in the country.

Methodology

Turnout figures measure the voting-eligible population (VEP) rate: total votes cast divided by all U.S. citizens aged 18 or older who are not disqualified by felony status, excluding non-citizens, which produces a more accurate measure than registered-voter turnout. Source: United States Elections Project (Dr. Michael McDonald, University of Florida), 2024 presidential election data.

Sources

Information is cross-referenced with official state archives.
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