Arkansas State Motto: Regnat Populus

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Researched by USA Symbol Team

Fact-checked • Updated December 1, 2025

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Arkansas State Seal

OFFICIAL STATE SEAL

Latin 1907

"Regnat Populus"

The People Rule

About This Motto

Arkansas's state motto is Regnat Populus, Latin for The People Rule. The phrase first appeared on the territorial seal around 1820. Acting Governor Xenophon O. Pindall approved its current form on May 24, 1907, changing the Latin grammar from plural to singular.

What the Motto Means

What does Arkansas's motto say in English? The people rule. Two Latin words.

Original version read different. Regnant Populi appeared first, using plural forms. Lawmakers changed it in 1907 to match better English translation.

Why the change? Grammar precision. Populi means 'peoples' (multiple groups). Populus means 'the people' (single group). Verb had to match.

Historical Background

  1. Territorial Seal Origins

    Arkansas Territory formed July 4, 1819. The territorial seal needed a motto. Regnant Populi showed up on early versions, probably from the start.

  2. Samuel Calhoun Roane's Role

    Roane served as recording clerk of the first territorial assembly. Scholars credit him with the initial seal design. Who actually picked the Latin phrase? Records don't confirm.

  3. 1836 Statehood

    Arkansas entered the Union as the 25th state June 15, 1836. The constitution kept the territorial seal design. Article 5, Section 12 specified: use the current territorial seal until legislature says otherwise.

  4. 1864 Confirmation

    Arkansas General Assembly reiterated the motto during the Civil War. Updated the seal's visual design. Kept the Latin words.

  5. 1907 Grammar Fix

    Legislature acted to correct the Latin on May 24, 1907. Acting Governor Xenophon O. Pindall signed the measure. Changed populi to populus, adjusted verb to match.

Meaning & Significance Today

How do Arkansans interpret it now? Democratic principles, popular sovereignty. Government answers to citizens, not the other way around.

No other state uses this exact motto. South Dakota comes closest with 'Under God, the People Rule.' Arkansas stands alone on Regnat Populus.

You find it on official state seals, government documents. Courthouses display it. High schools teach the translation in civics classes.

Cultural Context in Arkansas

Territorial Period

Arkansas Territory split from Missouri Territory in 1819. Frontier settlers valued self-governance. The motto fit territorial attitudes about local control.

Statehood Era

Arkansas joined as a slave state in 1836. Political divisions ran deep between northwest hill country and southeast plantation districts. 'The people rule' meant different things to different groups.

Grammar Matters

Why fix Latin in 1907? Legislature wanted clarity. Plural form implied multiple peoples, separate groups. Singular form conveyed one unified populace.

Seal Design

State seal shows the Goddess of Liberty, an eagle, a shield. Sword of justice appears on one side, olive branch on the other. Angel of Mercy hovers above. Regnat Populus sits in a ribbon.

Current Law

Arkansas Code Title 1, Chapter 4, Section 107 describes the state seal. The motto appears in that description. Law confirms Regnat Populus as official since 1907.

Interesting Facts About the Motto

Fact 1 of 7

Arkansas is the only U.S. state with 'Regnat Populus' as its motto.

Sources & References

This article has been researched using authoritative sources to ensure accuracy and reliability. All information has been fact-checked and verified against official government records.

1
Encyclopedia of Arkansas
https://encyclopediaofarkansas.net/entries/official-state-motto-3136/

Official entry on Arkansas state motto history and changes. • Accessed: December 31, 2025

2
Arkansas Code
https://law.justia.com/codes/arkansas/title-1/chapter-4/section-1-4-107/

Title 1, Chapter 4, Section 107 describes the state seal and motto. • Accessed: December 31, 2025

3
Arkansas Constitution
https://encyclopediaofarkansas.net/entries/arkansas-constitutions-2246/

Historical information about Arkansas constitutions and state symbols. • Accessed: December 31, 2025

Accuracy Commitment: We strive to maintain accurate and up-to-date information. If you notice any errors or outdated information, please contact us.

Other Arkansas Symbols

People Also Ask

What does 'Regnat Populus' mean in English?
It means 'The People Rule.' The Latin verb 'regnat' means 'rules' and 'populus' means 'the people.'
When did Arkansas adopt its current motto?
The current form 'Regnat Populus' was adopted on May 24, 1907. The original phrase 'Regnant Populi' appeared on the territorial seal around 1819-1820.
Why did Arkansas change the motto in 1907?
The legislature corrected the Latin grammar. The original plural form 'Regnant Populi' meant 'the peoples rule.' The singular 'Regnat Populus' better matched the English translation 'the people rule.'
Who created Arkansas's motto?
Samuel Calhoun Roane, recording clerk of the first territorial assembly, is credited with designing the territorial seal. The exact origin of the Latin phrase remains unknown.
Does any other state use this motto?
No. Arkansas is the only state with 'Regnat Populus.' South Dakota uses 'Under God, the People Rule,' which is similar but not identical.
Where does the motto appear?
It's on Arkansas's state seal, official government documents, and appears in the Arkansas Constitution's description of the state seal.
What was wrong with the original Latin?
The original 'Regnant Populi' used plural grammar ('peoples' instead of 'the people'). The 1907 correction changed it to singular to match the intended meaning.